HB 975

relating to the right to try cutting-edge treatments for patients
with life-threatening or severely debilitating illnesses.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1.  Title 6, Health and Safety Code, is amended by
adding Subtitle C-1 to read as follows:
SUBTITLE C-1.  INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENTS
CHAPTER 491.  ACCESS TO INDIVIDUALIZED INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENTS
FOR PATIENTS WITH LIFE-THREATENING OR SEVERELY DEBILITATING
SUBCHAPTER A.  GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 491.001.  DEFINITIONS.  In this chapter:
(1)  "Individualized investigational treatment" means
a drug, biological product, or device that is unique to and produced
exclusively for use by an individual patient, based on the
patient's genetic profile.  The term includes individualized gene
therapy antisense oligonucleotides and individualized neoantigen
(2)  "Life-threatening illness" means a disease or
(A)  a significantly increased likelihood of
death unless the course of the disease or condition is interrupted;
(B)  potentially fatal outcomes and for which the
goal of clinical trials is survival.
(3)  "Severely debilitating illness" means a disease or
condition that causes major irreversible morbidity.
SUBCHAPTER B.  ACCESS TO INDIVIDUALIZED INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENT
Sec. 491.051.  HEALTH CARE FACILITY ELIGIBILITY.  A health
care facility is eligible to provide an individualized
investigational treatment under this chapter if the facility is
operating under a federal assurance for the protection of human
subjects under 42 U.S.C. Section 289(a) and 45 C.F.R. Part 46 and is
subject to the federal assurance laws, regulations, policies, and
guidelines and renewals or updates to the laws, regulations,
Sec. 491.052.  PATIENT ELIGIBILITY.  A patient is eligible
to receive an individualized investigational treatment under this
(A)  has a life-threatening illness or severely
(B)  has considered all other treatment options
currently approved by the United States Food and Drug
(C)  has given written informed consent for the
use of the individualized investigational treatment; and
(A)  attests to the patient's life-threatening
illness or severely debilitating illness and that the patient meets
the requirements under this section; and
(B)  recommends an individualized investigational
treatment for the patient based on analysis of the patient's
genomic sequence, human chromosomes, deoxyribonucleic acid,
ribonucleic acid, genes, gene products such as enzymes and other
types of proteins, or metabolites.
Sec. 491.053.  INFORMED CONSENT.  (a)  An eligible patient
may not receive an individualized investigational treatment unless
the patient provides written informed consent.  If the patient is a
minor or lacks the mental capacity to provide informed consent, a
parent, legal guardian, managing conservator, or patient's agent as
defined by Section 166.151 may provide written informed consent on
(b)  Informed consent under this chapter must be attested to
in writing by the patient's physician and a witness.
(c)  Informed consent under this chapter must include at a
(1)  an explanation of the currently approved products
and treatments for the patient's disease or condition;
(2)  an attestation that the patient concurs with the
patient's physician in believing that all currently approved and
conventionally recognized treatments are unlikely to prolong the
(3)  clear identification of the specific proposed
individualized investigational drug, biological product, or device
the patient's physician recommends;
(4)  a description, based on the physician's knowledge
of the proposed treatment in conjunction with an awareness of the
patient's disease or condition, of the potentially best and worst
outcomes of using the individualized investigational treatment,
and of the most likely outcome, including the possibility that new,
unanticipated, different, or worse symptoms might result and that
death could be hastened by the proposed treatment;
(5)  a statement that the patient's health benefit plan
issuer or third-party administrator and provider are not obligated
to pay the cost of any care or treatments related to the use of the
individualized investigational treatment unless payment is
specifically required by law or contract;
(6)  a statement that the patient's eligibility for
hospice care may be withdrawn if the patient begins curative
treatment with the individualized investigational treatment and
that care may be reinstated if this treatment ends and the patient
meets hospice eligibility requirements; and
(7)  a statement that the patient understands the
patient is liable for all expenses related to the use of the
individualized investigational treatment and the liability extends
to the patient's estate, unless a contract between the patient and
the manufacturer of the individualized investigational treatment
Sec. 491.054.  PROVISION OF TREATMENT; COSTS.  (a)  A
manufacturer operating within an eligible health care facility and
in compliance with all applicable federal assurance laws and
regulations may make available an individualized investigative
treatment, and an eligible patient may request to receive an
individualized investigational treatment from an eligible health
care facility or manufacturer operating within an eligible health
care facility under this chapter.
(b)  A manufacturer is not required under this chapter to
make available an individualized investigational treatment to an
(c)  An eligible health care facility or manufacturer
operating within an eligible health care facility may:
(1)  provide an individualized investigational
treatment to an eligible patient without receiving compensation; or
(2)  require an eligible patient to pay the costs of, or
the costs associated with, the manufacture of the individualized
Sec. 491.055.  DEBT LIABILITY ON DEATH OF PATIENT.  If a
patient dies while being treated under an individualized
investigational treatment, the patient's heirs are not liable for
any outstanding debt related to the treatment or lack of health
Sec. 491.056.  NO PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION.  This chapter does
not create a private cause of action against a manufacturer of an
individualized investigational treatment or against any other
person involved in the care of an eligible patient using the
individualized investigational treatment for any harm to the
eligible patient resulting from the individualized investigational
treatment if the manufacturer or other person is complying in good
faith with the terms of this chapter and has exercised reasonable
Sec. 491.057.  STATE MAY NOT INTERFERE WITH ACCESS TO
TREATMENT.  (a)  An officer, employee, or agent of this state may
not block or attempt to block an eligible patient's access to an
individualized investigational treatment that complies with this
chapter and rules adopted under this chapter.
(b)  Notwithstanding Subsection (a), counseling, advice, or
a recommendation consistent with medical standards of care from a
licensed health care provider is not a violation of this section.
SUBCHAPTER C.  HEALTH COVERAGE AND SERVICES
Sec. 491.101.  HEALTH COVERAGE.  This chapter does not
(1)  the coverage required of an insurer under the
(2)  health care coverage of enrollees in clinical
trials under Chapter 1379, Insurance Code.
Sec. 491.102.  GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR
COSTS.  This chapter does not require a governmental agency to pay
costs associated with the use, care, or treatment of a patient with
an individualized investigational treatment.
Sec. 491.103.  HOSPITAL SERVICES.  This chapter does not
require a hospital or health care facility licensed under Subtitle
B, Title 4, to provide new or additional services unless approved by
Sec. 491.104.  COVERAGE OPTIONAL.  A health benefit plan
issuer, third-party administrator, or governmental agency may, but
is not required to, provide coverage for the cost of an
individualized investigational treatment or the cost of services
related to the use of an individualized investigational treatment
SUBCHAPTER D.  HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
Sec. 491.151.  PROHIBITED ACTION AGAINST LICENSE OR
CERTIFICATION HOLDER.  (a)  A state licensing board may not revoke,
fail to renew, suspend, or take any action against a health care
provider's license issued under Title 3, Occupations Code, based
solely on the health care provider's recommendation to an eligible
patient regarding access to or treatment with an individualized
(b)  The Health and Human Services Commission may not take
action against a health care provider's Medicare certification
based solely on the health care provider's recommendation that a
patient have access to an individualized investigational
SECTION 2.  This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.