HB 414

relating to the unauthorized entry, occupancy, sale, rental, lease,
advertisement for sale, rental, or lease, or conveyance of real
property, including the removal of certain unauthorized occupants
of a dwelling; creating criminal offenses; increasing a criminal
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1.  Section 28.03(b), Penal Code, is amended to read
(b)  Except as provided by Subsections (f) and (h), an
(A)  the amount of pecuniary loss is less than
(B)  except as provided in Subdivision (3)(A) or
(3)(B), it causes substantial inconvenience to others;
(2)  a Class B misdemeanor if the amount of pecuniary
loss is $100 or more but less than $750;
(A)  the amount of pecuniary loss is $750 or more
(B)  the actor causes in whole or in part
impairment or interruption of any public water supply, or causes to
be diverted in whole, in part, or in any manner, including
installation or removal of any device for any such purpose, any
public water supply, regardless of the amount of the pecuniary
(4)  a state jail felony if the amount of pecuniary loss
(A)  $2,500 or more but less than $30,000;
(B)  except as provided in Subdivision (6)(B),
less than $2,500, if the property damaged or destroyed is a
habitation and if the damage or destruction is caused by a firearm
(C)  less than $2,500, if the property was a fence
used for the production or containment of:
(i)  cattle, bison, horses, sheep, swine,
goats, exotic livestock, or exotic poultry; or
(ii)  game animals as that term is defined by
Section 63.001, Parks and Wildlife Code;
(D)  less than $30,000 and the actor:
(i)  causes wholly or partly impairment or
interruption of property used for flood control purposes or a dam or
of public communications, public transportation, public gas
supply, or other public service; or
(ii)  causes to be diverted wholly, partly,
or in any manner, including installation or removal of any device
for any such purpose, any public communications or public gas
(E)  less than $30,000, if the property is a motor
vehicle that is damaged, destroyed, or tampered with during the
removal or attempted removal of a catalytic converter from the
(5)  a felony of the third degree if:
(A)  the amount of the pecuniary loss is $30,000
or more but less than $150,000;
(B)  the actor, by discharging a firearm or other
weapon or by any other means, causes the death of one or more head of
cattle or bison or one or more horses;
(C)  the actor causes wholly or partly impairment
or interruption of access to an automated teller machine,
regardless of the amount of the pecuniary loss; or
(D)  the amount of pecuniary loss is less than
(i)  causes wholly or partly impairment or
interruption of property used for public power supply; or
(ii)  causes to be diverted wholly, partly,
or in any manner, including installation or removal of any device
for any such purpose, any public power supply;
(6)  a felony of the second degree if the amount of
(A)  $150,000 or more but less than $300,000; or
(B)  $1,000 or more but less than $300,000, if:
(i)  the property damaged or destroyed is a
(ii)  it is shown on the trial of the offense
that the actor committed the offense in the course of committing an
offense under Section 30.05; or
(7)  a felony of the first degree if the amount of
pecuniary loss is $300,000 or more.
SECTION 2.  Subchapter D, Chapter 32, Penal Code, is amended
by adding Sections 32.56 and 32.57 to read as follows:
Sec. 32.56.  FALSE, FRAUDULENT, OR FICTITIOUS DOCUMENT
CONVEYING REAL PROPERTY INTEREST.  (a)  A person commits an offense
if, with intent to enter or remain on real property, the person
knowingly presents to another person a false, fraudulent, or
fictitious document purporting to be a lease agreement, deed, or
other instrument conveying real property or an interest in real
(b)  An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.
(c)  If conduct that constitutes an offense under this
section also constitutes an offense under any other law, the actor
may be prosecuted under this section or the other law, but not both.
Sec. 32.57.  FRAUDULENT SALE, RENTAL, OR LEASE OF
RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY.  (a)  A person commits an offense if the
(1)  lists or advertises for sale, rent, or lease
residential real property while knowing that the person offering to
sell, rent, or lease the property does not have legal title or
authority to sell, rent, or lease the property; or
(2)  sells, rents, or leases to another person
residential real property to which the person does not have legal
title or authority to sell, rent, or lease.
(b)  An offense under this section is a felony of the first
(c)  If conduct that constitutes an offense under this
section also constitutes an offense under any other law, the actor
may be prosecuted under this section or the other law, but not both.
SECTION 3.  Title 4, Property Code, is amended by adding
Chapter 24B to read as follows:
CHAPTER 24B.  REMOVAL OF CERTAIN UNAUTHORIZED OCCUPANTS OF REAL
Sec. 24B.001.  RIGHT TO REQUEST REMOVAL OF UNAUTHORIZED
OCCUPANT OF DWELLING BY SHERIFF.  Notwithstanding any other law, an
owner of residential real property or the owner's agent may request
that the sheriff of the county in which the property is located
immediately remove a person who unlawfully entered and is occupying
a dwelling on the property without the owner's consent if:
(A)  was not open to the public when the person
(B)  is not the subject of pending litigation
between the owner and the person;
(2)  the owner or the owner's agent has directed the
person to leave the property and the person has not done so; and
(A)  a current or former tenant of the owner under
(B)  an immediate family member of the owner.
Sec. 24B.002.  COMPLAINT TO REQUEST REMOVAL OF UNAUTHORIZED
OCCUPANT.  (a)  A property owner or the owner's agent may request
the removal of a person under Section 24B.001 by submitting to the
sheriff of the county in which the property is located a complaint
in substantially the following form that complies with Subsection
COMPLAINT TO REMOVE PERSON OCCUPYING DWELLING
I, _____ (name of complainant), declare under the penalty of
(Complete each item as applicable and initial each item.)
___ 1.  I am the owner of residential real property
located at ______(property address) or the agent of the owner.
___ 2.  A person unlawfully entered and occupies a
dwelling on the property without the owner's consent.
___ 3.  The property was not open to the public when the
___ 4.  The property is not the subject of pending
litigation between the owner and the person.
___ 5.  The owner or the owner's agent has directed the
person to leave the property and the person has not done so.
___ 6.  The person is not a current or former tenant of
the owner under an oral or written lease and any lease produced by
___ 7.  The person is not an owner or co-owner of the
property and any title to the property that lists the person as an
owner or co-owner is fraudulent.
___ 8.  The person is not an immediate family member of
___ 9.  I understand that a person removed from the
property as a result of this complaint may bring an action against
me for any false statement made in the complaint or for wrongfully
___ 10.  I understand that I may be held liable for
actual damages, exemplary damages, court costs, and reasonable
attorney's fees in an action described by Item 9.
___ 11.  I am requesting that the sheriff immediately
remove each person occupying the dwelling without the owner's
___ 12.  A copy of my valid government-issued
identification is attached and, if I am the owner's agent, a
document evidencing my authority to act on the property owner's
I HAVE READ EACH STATEMENT IN THIS COMPLAINT AND CONFIRM EACH
STATEMENT IS TRUE AND CORRECT.  I UNDERSTAND THAT A STATEMENT MADE
IN THIS COMPLAINT IS MADE UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY, PUNISHABLE
UNDER SECTION 37.02, PENAL CODE.
____________(signature of complainant)
(b)  A complaint submitted under this section must be made
under oath or made as an unsworn declaration under Section 132.001,
Civil Practice and Remedies Code.
Sec. 24B.003.  VERIFICATION OF COMPLAINT; SERVICE OF NOTICE
TO IMMEDIATELY VACATE.  (a)  A sheriff who receives a complaint
under Section 24B.002 shall verify that the complainant is:
(1)  the record owner of the property that is the
subject of the complaint or the owner's agent; and
(2)  otherwise entitled to the relief sought in the
(b)  On verifying the complaint under Subsection (a), the
(1)  serve notice to immediately vacate on the person
occupying the dwelling without the owner's consent; and
(2)  put the owner in possession of the dwelling.
(c)  Service of notice to immediately vacate may be
(1)  hand delivery to an occupant of the dwelling; or
(2)  affixing the notice to the front door or entrance
(d)  A sheriff serving notice to immediately vacate under
this section shall attempt to verify the identity of each person
occupying the dwelling and note each identity on the return of
(e)  A sheriff serving notice to immediately vacate under
this section may arrest any person found in the dwelling for an
outstanding warrant or for trespass or any other offense for which
(f)  A sheriff who serves a notice to immediately vacate
under this section is entitled to receive from the complainant a fee
in an amount equal to the amount the sheriff would receive for
executing a writ of possession.
(g)  After the service of notice to immediately vacate by the
sheriff under Subsection (b), the property owner or owner's agent
may request that the sheriff remain on the property to keep the
peace while the owner or owner's agent:
(2)  removes any personal property of an occupant from
the dwelling and places the personal property at or near the
property line of the owner's property.
(h)  If a request described by Subsection (g) is made, the
sheriff may charge the person making the request a reasonable
hourly rate set by the sheriff for remaining on the property.
Sec. 24B.004.  LIABILITY.  (a)  A sheriff is not liable to an
unauthorized occupant or any other person for loss or destruction
of or damage to property resulting from the removal of a person or
(b)  Subject to Section 24B.005, a property owner or the
owner's agent is not liable to any person for loss or destruction of
or damage to personal property resulting from the removal of the
personal property from the owner's property under this chapter.
Sec. 24B.005.  ACTION FOR WRONGFUL REMOVAL.  (a)  A person
who is wrongfully removed, or whose personal property is wrongfully
removed, from a dwelling or other real property under this chapter
may bring an action under this section to:
(1)  recover possession of the real property; and
(2)  recover from the person who requested the wrongful
(B)  exemplary damages equal to three times the
fair market rent of the dwelling;
(D)  reasonable attorney's fees.
(b)  The court shall set an action brought under this section
for hearing at the earliest practicable date to expedite the
Sec. 24B.006.  NONEXCLUSIVITY.  This chapter does not limit:
(1)  the rights of a property owner; or
(2)  the authority of a law enforcement officer to
arrest an unauthorized occupant of a dwelling for trespassing,
vandalism, theft, or another offense.
SECTION 4.  Section 28.03, Penal Code, as amended by this
Act, applies only to an offense committed on or after the effective
date of this Act.  An offense committed before the effective date of
this Act is governed by the law in effect on the date the offense was
committed, and the former law is continued in effect for that
purpose.  For purposes of this section, an offense was committed
before the effective date of this Act if any element of the offense
SECTION 5.  This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.