HB 1405

relating to bullying and cyberbullying in public schools.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1.  Section 28.0022, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsections (h) and (i) to read as follows:
(h)  Nothing in this section may be construed as limiting a
teacher, administrator, or other employee of a state agency, school
district, or open-enrollment charter school from:
(1)  implementing a strategy to prevent or mediate
specific instances or school-wide cultures of bullying or
harassment that occur due to a victim's actual or perceived
religion, disability status, race, ethnicity, color, national
origin, sex, or association with a person or group with one or more
of those actual or perceived characteristics, including a strategy
implemented under a policy adopted under Section 37.0832; or
(2)  training teachers, administrators, or other
employees in the implementation of a strategy described by
Subdivision (1), including by providing staff development under
(1)  "Bullying" has the meaning assigned by Section
(2)  "Harassment" has the meaning assigned by Section
SECTION 2.  Section 37.0832(a), Education Code, is amended
by amending Subdivisions (1) and (2) and adding Subdivision (3) to
(A)  means a single significant act or a pattern
of acts by one or more students directed at another student that
exploits an imbalance of power and involves engaging in written or
verbal expression, expression through electronic means, or
physical conduct that satisfies the applicability requirements
provided by Subsection (a-1), and that:
(i)  has the effect or will have the effect
of physically harming a student, damaging a student's property, or
placing a student in reasonable fear of harm to the student's person
or of damage to the student's property;
(ii)  is sufficiently severe, persistent, or
pervasive enough that the action or threat creates an intimidating,
threatening, or abusive educational environment for a student;
(iii)  materially and substantially
disrupts the educational process or the orderly operation of a
(iv)  infringes on the rights of the victim
(v)  targets a victim on the basis of the
victim's actual or perceived religion, disability status, race,
ethnicity, color, national origin, sex, or association with a
person or group with one or more of those actual or perceived
(2)  "Cyberbullying" means bullying that is done
through the use of any electronic communication device, including
through the use of a cellular or other type of telephone, a
computer, a camera, electronic mail, instant messaging, text
messaging, a social media application, an Internet website, an
application using artificial intelligence, or any other
Internet-based communication tool.
(3)  "Harassment" has the meaning assigned by Section
SECTION 3.  Section 37.0832, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsections (b), (b-1), and (b-2) and amending Subsections
(b)  [(c)] The board of trustees of each school district
shall adopt a policy, including any necessary procedures,
(1)  prohibits the bullying of a student;
(2)  prevents and mediates bullying incidents between
(A)  interfere with a student's educational
(B)  substantially disrupt the orderly operation
of a classroom, school, or school-sponsored or school-related
(3)  prohibits retaliation against any person,
including a victim, a witness, or another person, who in good faith
provides information concerning an incident of bullying;
(4)  requires a school district employee who, in the
course and scope of employment, witnesses or receives information
regarding an incident that the employee reasonably believes
constitutes bullying by or against a student who at the time of the
incident is enrolled in the district at which the employee is
employed to report the information to a campus behavior coordinator
or other appropriate district official;
(5)  [(4)] establishes a procedure for providing notice
(A)  a parent or guardian of the alleged victim on
or before the third business day after the date the incident is
(B)  a parent or guardian of the student alleged
to have engaged in bullying [bully] within a reasonable amount of
(6)  [(5)] establishes the actions a student should
take to obtain assistance and intervention in response to bullying;
(7)  [(6)] sets out the supportive measures provided by
the district under Subsection (b-1) and available to [available
counseling options for] a student who is impacted by bullying,
including the alleged [a] victim of bullying, a student who
allegedly engaged in bullying, or a witness to bullying [or who
(8)  [(7)] establishes procedures for reporting an
incident of bullying, including procedures for a student to
anonymously report an incident of bullying;
(9)  establishes procedures for[,] investigating a
reported incident of bullying, and determining whether the reported
incident of bullying occurred, which must include:
(A)  the provision of written notice of the
investigation or a reported incident of bullying to the impacted
students, including a victim of bullying and a student who
allegedly engaged in bullying, and the parents or guardians of
(B)  the provision of supportive measures under
Subsection (b-1) to the impacted students throughout the
(C)  an opportunity for the impacted students to
identify witnesses and provide information and evidence relating to
the reported incident of bullying;
(D)  the issuance of an investigative report that
includes a summary of evidence considered, the investigator's
determination as to whether the reported incident occurred and, if
so, the student or students responsible for the incident, and the
rationale for those determinations;
(E)  an opportunity for each impacted student and
that student's parent or guardian to review and comment on the
investigative report required under Paragraph (D) before the report
(F)  an opportunity for each impacted student to
appeal a determination of the investigator;
(10)  requires investigations conducted under the
procedures established under Subdivision (9) to be completed not
later than the 10th business day after the district receives a
report of bullying submitted under the procedures established under
Subdivision (8), unless the time period is extended for good cause
and a written notice of the extension and rationale is provided to
impacted students and those students' parents or guardians;
(11)  [(8)] prohibits the imposition of a disciplinary
measure on a student who, after an investigation, is found to be a
victim of bullying, on the basis of that student's use of reasonable
self-defense in response to the bullying;
(12)  [(9)] requires that discipline for bullying of a
student with disabilities comply with applicable requirements
under federal law, including the Individuals with Disabilities
Education Act (20 U.S.C. Section 1400 et seq.); and
(13)  [(10)] complies with the minimum standards
adopted by the agency under Subsection (c) [(c-1)].
(b-1)  The board of trustees of each school district shall
provide to a student impacted by bullying supportive measures that
are not disciplinary or punitive and are individualized to the
student.  Measures provided under this subsection shall be designed
(1)  protect the safety of all students, teachers, and
other school staff in the district; and
(2)  ensure a student impacted by bullying has
continued access to the school's educational program, including the
student's normal instructional lessons and extracurricular
(B)  the extension of a deadline for turning in
coursework or other instruction-related adjustments;
(C)  modifications to a class schedule;
(D)  requiring an employee of the district to
escort a student while the student is on a district campus;
(E)  a transfer under Section 25.0342;
(F)  mutual restrictions on contact between
students impacted by an incident of bullying; and
(b-2)  A school district must provide supportive measures
(1)  without fee or charge; and
(2)  regardless of whether the student elects to
participate in an investigation conducted under the procedures
established under Subsection (b)(9).
(c)  [(c-1)] The agency shall adopt minimum standards for a
school district's policy under Subsection (b) [(c)].  The standards
(1)  include an emphasis on bullying prevention by
focusing on school climate, [and] building healthy relationships
between students and staff, and engaging in dialogue to create a
culture of understanding and respect;
(2)  require each district campus to establish a
committee to address bullying by focusing on prevention efforts and
health and wellness initiatives;
(3)  require students at each grade level to meet
periodically for instruction on building relationships and
preventing bullying, including cyberbullying;
(4)  include an emphasis on increasing student
reporting of bullying incidents to school employees by:
(A)  increasing awareness about district
(B)  providing for anonymous reporting of
(A)  collect information annually through student
surveys on bullying, including cyberbullying; and
(B)  use those survey results to develop action
plans to address student concerns regarding bullying, including
(6)  require districts to develop a rubric or checklist
to assess an incident of bullying and to determine the district's
(d)  The policy and any necessary procedures adopted under
Subsection (b) [(c)] must be included:
(1)  annually, in the student and employee school
(2)  in the district improvement plan under Section
(e)  The procedure for reporting bullying established under
Subsection (b) [(c)] must be posted on the district's Internet
website to the extent practicable.
SECTION 4.  Section 48.009(b-4), Education Code, is amended
(b-4)  The commissioner by rule shall require each school
district and open-enrollment charter school to annually report
through the Public Education Information Management System the
number of reported incidents of bullying that have occurred at each
campus.  The commissioner's rules shall require a district or
school to specify the number of incidents of bullying that:
(1)  included cyberbullying; or
(2)  targeted a victim based on the victim's actual or
perceived religion, disability status, race, ethnicity, color,
national origin, sex, or association with a person or group with one
or more of those actual or perceived characteristics.
SECTION 5.  Not later than 45 days after the effective date
of this Act, the Texas Education Agency shall adopt or revise
minimum standards as necessary to comply with Section 37.0832(c),
Education Code, as amended by this Act.
SECTION 6.  This Act applies beginning with the 2025-2026
SECTION 7.  This Act takes effect immediately if it receives
a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as
provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution.  If this
Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this
Act takes effect September 1, 2025.