SB 1488

relating to restricting research on potentially pandemic pathogens
in this state; creating a civil penalty.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1.  The legislature finds that:
(1)  gain of function research was a concern for the
federal government, resulting in a three-year moratorium on the
funding of that research from 2014 to 2017;
(2)  the COVID-19 pandemic may have been the result of a
pathogen leak from a secure lab in which gain of function research
(3)  gain of function research, which involves
manipulating potentially pandemic pathogens, poses a biosecurity
vulnerability to this state; and
(4)  residents of this state have a right to know the
vulnerabilities posed by gain of function research on pathogens.
SECTION 2.  Subtitle H, Title 3, Education Code, is amended
by adding Chapter 158 to read as follows:
CHAPTER 158. RESEARCH INVOLVING POTENTIALLY PANDEMIC PATHOGENS
Sec. 158.001.  DEFINITIONS.  In this chapter:
(1)  "Gain of function research" means research that
may reasonably be anticipated to enhance the transmissibility or
virulence of a potentially pandemic pathogen.
(2)  "Institution of higher education" has the meaning
(3)  "Potentially pandemic pathogen" means a virus,
bacteria, fungus, or eukaryotic parasite, or any strain or variant
of a virus, bacteria, fungus, or eukaryotic parasite, that is:
(A)  likely, moderately, or highly transmissible
and likely capable of wide and uncontrollable spread in human
(B)  likely, moderately, or highly virulent and
likely to cause significant mortality and morbidity in human
(C)  likely to pose a severe threat to public
health and safety, the capacity of public health systems, or the
security of this state if allowed to spread within the general
Sec. 158.002.  PROHIBITED GAIN OF FUNCTION RESEARCH ON
POTENTIALLY PANDEMIC PATHOGENS.  (a)  Notwithstanding any other
law, an institution of higher education may not conduct or provide
funding to another entity to conduct gain of function research on
potentially pandemic pathogens.
(b)  An institution of higher education that violates this
section is ineligible to receive state funds.
SECTION 3.  The heading to Chapter 81, Health and Safety
Code, is amended to read as follows:
CHAPTER 81.  COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; PUBLIC HEALTH DISASTERS; PUBLIC
HEALTH EMERGENCIES; POTENTIALLY PANDEMIC PATHOGENS
SECTION 4.  Chapter 81, Health and Safety Code, is amended by
adding Subchapter K to read as follows:
SUBCHAPTER K. REPORT ON RESEARCH INVOLVING POTENTIALLY PANDEMIC
Sec. 81.451.  DEFINITIONS.  In this subchapter:
(1)  "Institution of higher education" has the meaning
assigned by Section 61.003, Education Code.
(2)  "Potentially pandemic pathogen" has the meaning
assigned by Section 158.001, Education Code.
Sec. 81.452.  REQUIRED REPORT.  (a)  Each entity, including
an institution of higher education and a private college or
university, that intends to conduct research on a potentially
pandemic pathogen in this state, regardless of whether the entity
will use state money for the research, shall, at least 90 days
before beginning the research, provide to the department a written
report on the intended research that includes the following
(1)  the location where the research will be conducted;
(2)  the scope, nature, and purpose of the research;
(3)  the source of funding for the research;
(4)  the identity of the pathogen, including the
strains or variant of the pathogen, that will be used or analyzed in
(5)  the potential impacts the pathogen will have on
the public if released into the general population; and
(6)  the measures the entity will take to ensure the
pathogen is not released into the general population.
(b)  On the department's request, an entity that submits a
report under Subsection (a) shall provide to the department any
additional information the department determines is necessary for
(1)  properly inform federal, state, and local
governmental authorities that the research will be conducted; and
(2)  ensure adequate response plans and resources are
available in the event a potentially pandemic pathogen is released
(c)  If, after reviewing the information the entity submits
under Subsections (a) and (b), the department determines that the
entity's intended research poses a substantial and unjustifiable
risk to public health and safety, the capacity of public health
systems, or the security of this state, the department may:
(1)  for research conducted by an institution of higher
education, request the governor to issue an order prohibiting the
(2)  for research conducted by a private college,
university, or other private entity, request the attorney general
to seek an injunction to enjoin the conduct of the research.
Sec. 81.453.  CIVIL PENALTY.  (a)  An entity that fails to
timely submit a report required by Section 81.452 is liable to this
state for a civil penalty in an amount not less than $50,000 or more
than $100,000 for each violation. Each day of a continuing
violation is a separate violation.
(b)  The attorney general may investigate an alleged
violation of this section and may sue to collect the civil penalty.
(c)  Sovereign or governmental immunity of an institution of
higher education to suit is waived and abolished to the extent of
liability created by this section.
Sec. 81.454.  RULES.  The executive commissioner shall adopt
the rules necessary to administer this subchapter, including rules
prescribing the form and manner of submitting the report required
SECTION 5.  Subchapter K, Chapter 81, Health and Safety
Code, as added by this Act, applies only to research beginning on or
SECTION 6.  As soon as possible after the effective date of
this Act, the executive commissioner of the Health and Human
Services Commission shall adopt rules necessary to implement
Subchapter K, Chapter 81, Health and Safety Code, as added by this
SECTION 7.  This Act takes effect immediately if it receives
a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as
provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution.  If this
Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this
Act takes effect September 1, 2025.