SB 1478

relating to the removal of certain power facilities operated on
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1.  Chapter 301, Utilities Code, is transferred to
Subtitle B, Title 5, Health and Safety Code, redesignated as
Chapter 375, Health and Safety Code, and amended to read as follows:
CHAPTER 375 [301].  [WIND] POWER FACILITY AGREEMENTS AND FINANCIAL
Sec. 375.0001 [301.0001].  DEFINITIONS.  In this chapter:
(1)  "Commission" means the Texas Commission on
(2)  "Electric energy storage facility agreement"
means a lease agreement between a grantee and a landowner that
authorizes the grantee to operate an electric energy storage
facility on the leased property.
(3)  "Grantee" means a person who[:
[(A)]  leases property from a landowner[; and
[(B)  operates a wind power facility on the
(4)  "Renewable power facility" means a facility that:
(A)  generates electric energy using a renewable
energy technology, as defined by Section 39.916, Utilities Code,
other than a technology that relies exclusively on wind or solar
(B)  is not an electric energy storage facility.
(5)  "Renewable power facility agreement" means a lease
agreement between a grantee and a landowner that authorizes the
grantee to operate a renewable power facility on the leased
(6)  "Solar energy device" has the meaning assigned by
Section 185.001, Utilities Code.
(7)  "Solar power facility" includes:
(A)  a solar energy device; and
(B)  a facility or equipment, other than a
facility or equipment owned by an electric utility, as defined by
Section 31.002, Utilities Code, used to support the operation of a
solar energy device, including an underground or aboveground
electrical transmission or communications line, an electric
transformer, a battery storage facility, an energy storage
facility, telecommunications equipment, a road, a meteorological
(8)  "Solar power facility agreement" means a lease
agreement between a grantee and a landowner that authorizes the
grantee to operate a solar power facility on the leased property.
(9) [(2)]  "Wind power facility" includes:
(A)  a wind turbine generator; and
(B)  a facility or equipment used to support the
operation of a wind turbine generator, including an underground or
aboveground electrical transmission or communications line, an
electric transformer, a battery storage facility, an energy storage
facility, telecommunications equipment, a road, a meteorological
tower with wind measurement equipment, or a maintenance yard.
(10) [(3)]  "Wind power facility agreement" means a
lease agreement between a grantee and a landowner that authorizes
the grantee to operate a wind power facility on the leased property.
Sec. 375.0002.  APPLICABILITY.  This chapter applies only to
an electric energy storage facility, a renewable power facility, a
solar power facility, or a wind power facility that is intended to
provide energy or ancillary services at wholesale for a power grid.
Sec. 375.0003 [301.0002].  WAIVER VOID; REMEDIES.  (a)  A
provision of an electric energy storage facility agreement, a
renewable power facility agreement, a solar power facility
agreement, or a wind power facility agreement that purports to
waive a right or exempt a grantee from a liability or duty
established by this chapter is void.
(b)  A person who is harmed by a violation of this chapter is
entitled to appropriate injunctive relief to prevent further
(c)  The provisions of this section are not exclusive.  The
remedies provided in this section are in addition to any other
procedures or remedies provided by other law.
Sec. 375.0004 [301.0003].  REQUIRED AGREEMENT PROVISIONS ON
WIND POWER FACILITY REMOVAL.  (a)  A wind power facility agreement
must provide that the grantee is responsible for removing the
grantee's wind power facilities from the landowner's property and
that the grantee shall, in accordance with any other applicable
(1)  clear, clean, and remove from the property:
(A)  each wind turbine generator, including
towers and pad-mount transformers;
(B)  all liquids, greases, or similar substances
contained in a wind turbine generator;
(D)  all liquids, greases, or similar substances
(2)  for each tower foundation and pad-mount
transformer foundation installed in the ground:
(A)  clear, clean, and remove the foundation from
the ground to a depth of at least three feet below the surface grade
of the land in which the foundation is installed; and
(B)  ensure that each hole or cavity created in
the ground by the removal is filled with topsoil of the same type or
a similar type as the predominant topsoil found on the property;
(3)  for each buried cable, including power,
fiber-optic, and communications cables, installed in the ground:
(A)  clear, clean, and remove the cable from the
ground to a depth of at least three feet below the surface grade of
the land in which the cable is installed; and
(B)  ensure that each hole or cavity created in
the ground by the removal is filled with topsoil of the same type or
a similar type as the predominant topsoil found on the property; and
(4)  clear, clean, and remove from the property each
overhead power or communications line installed by the grantee on
(b)  The agreement must provide that, at the request of the
(1)  clear, clean, and remove each road constructed by
the grantee on the property; and
(2)  ensure that each hole or cavity created in the
ground by the removal is filled with topsoil of the same type or a
similar type as the predominant topsoil found on the property.
(c)  The agreement must provide that, at the request of the
landowner, if reasonable, the grantee shall:
(1)  remove from the property all rocks over 12 inches
in diameter excavated during the decommissioning or removal
(2)  return the property to a tillable state using
scarification, V-rip, or disc methods, as appropriate; and
(A)  each hole or cavity created in the ground by
the removal is filled with topsoil of the same type or a similar
type as the predominant topsoil found on the property; and
(B)  the surface is returned as near as reasonably
possible to the same condition as before the grantee dug holes or
cavities, including by reseeding pastureland with native grasses
prescribed by an appropriate governmental agency, if any.
(d)  The landowner shall make a request under Subsection (b)
or (c) not later than the 180th day after the later of:
(1)  the date on which the wind power facility is no
longer capable of generating electricity in commercial quantities;
(2)  the date the landowner receives written notice of
intent to decommission the wind power facility from the grantee.
Sec. 375.0005.  REQUIRED AGREEMENT PROVISIONS ON SOLAR POWER
FACILITY REMOVAL.  (a)  A solar power facility agreement must
provide that the grantee is responsible for removing the grantee's
solar power facilities from the landowner's property and that the
grantee shall, in accordance with any other applicable laws or
(1)  clear, clean, and remove from the property each
solar energy device, transformer, and substation;
(2)  for each foundation of a solar energy device,
transformer, or substation installed in the ground:
(A)  clear, clean, and remove the foundation from
the ground to a depth of at least three feet below the surface grade
of the land in which the foundation is installed; and
(B)  ensure that each hole or cavity created in
the ground by the removal is filled with soil of the same type or a
similar type as the predominant soil found on the property;
(3)  for each buried cable, including power,
fiber-optic, and communications cables, installed in the ground:
(A)  clear, clean, and remove the cable from the
ground to a depth of at least three feet below the surface grade of
the land in which the cable is installed; and
(B)  ensure that each hole or cavity created in
the ground by the removal is filled with soil of the same type or a
similar type as the predominant soil found on the property; and
(4)  clear, clean, and remove from the property each
overhead power or communications line installed by the grantee on
(b)  The agreement must provide that, at the request of the
(1)  clear, clean, and remove each road constructed by
the grantee on the property; and
(2)  ensure that each hole or cavity created in the
ground by the removal is filled with soil of the same type or a
similar type as the predominant soil found on the property.
(c)  The agreement must provide that, at the request of the
landowner, if reasonable, the grantee shall:
(1)  remove from the property all rocks over 12 inches
in diameter excavated during the decommissioning or removal
(2)  return the property to a tillable state using
scarification, V-rip, or disc methods, as appropriate; and
(A)  each hole or cavity created in the ground by
the removal is filled with soil of the same type or a similar type as
the predominant soil found on the property; and
(B)  the surface is returned as near as reasonably
possible to the same condition as before the grantee dug holes or
cavities, including by reseeding pastureland with native grasses
prescribed by an appropriate governmental agency, if any.
(d)  The landowner shall make a request under Subsection (b)
or (c) not later than the 180th day after the later of:
(1)  the date on which the solar power facility is no
longer capable of generating electricity in commercial quantities;
(2)  the date the landowner receives written notice of
intent to decommission the solar power facility from the grantee.
Sec. 375.0006.  REQUIRED AGREEMENT PROVISIONS ON ELECTRIC
ENERGY STORAGE OR RENEWABLE POWER FACILITY REMOVAL.  An electric
energy storage facility agreement or renewable power facility
agreement must provide that the grantee is responsible for:
(1)  removing the grantee's electric energy storage
facilities or renewable power facilities, as applicable, from the
(2)  restoring the property to as near as reasonably
possible the condition of the property as of the date the agreement
Sec. 375.0007 [301.0004].  REQUIRED AGREEMENT PROVISIONS ON
FINANCIAL ASSURANCE.  (a)  An electric energy storage facility
agreement, a renewable power facility agreement, a solar power
facility agreement, or a [A] wind power facility agreement must
provide that the grantee shall obtain and deliver to the commission
[landowner] evidence of financial assurance payable to the
landowner that conforms to the requirements of this section to
secure the performance of the grantee's obligation to remove the
grantee's electric energy storage facilities, renewable power
facilities, solar power facilities, or wind power facilities
located on the landowner's property as required by this chapter [as
described by Section 301.0003].  The [Acceptable forms of]
financial assurance may be [include a parent company guaranty with
a minimum investment grade credit rating for the parent company
issued by a major domestic credit rating agency, a letter of
credit,] a bond[,] or another form of financial assurance
(b)  The amount of the financial assurance must be at least
equal to the estimated amount by which the cost of removing the
[wind power] facilities from the landowner's property and restoring
the property to as near as reasonably possible the condition of the
property as of the date the agreement begins exceeds the salvage
value of the [wind power] facilities, less any portion of the value
of the [wind power] facilities pledged to secure outstanding debt.
(c)  The agreement must provide that:
(1)  the estimated cost of removing the [wind power]
facilities from the landowner's property and restoring the property
to as near as reasonably possible the condition of the property as
of the date the agreement begins and the estimated salvage value of
the [wind power] facilities must be determined by an independent,
third-party professional engineer licensed in this state;
(2)  the grantee must deliver to the landowner and the
commission an updated estimate, prepared by an independent,
third-party professional engineer licensed in this state, of the
cost of removal and the salvage value at least once every five years
for the remainder of the term of the agreement; and
(3)  the grantee is responsible for ensuring that the
amount of the financial assurance remains sufficient to cover the
amount required by Subsection (b), consistent with the estimates
(d)  The grantee is responsible for the costs of obtaining
financial assurance described by this section and costs of
determining the estimated removal costs and salvage value.
(e)  The agreement must provide that the grantee shall
deliver the financial assurance to the commission not later than
the 30th day after [earlier of:
[(1)]  the date the [wind power facility] agreement
[(2)  the 10th anniversary of the commercial operations
date of the wind power facilities located on the landowner's leased
(f)  [For purposes of this section, "commercial operations
date" means the date on which the wind power facilities are approved
for participation in market operations by a regional transmission
organization and does not include the generation of electrical
energy or other operations conducted before that date for purposes
[(g)]  The grantee may not cancel financial assurance before
the date the grantee has completed the grantee's obligation to
remove the grantee's [wind power] facilities located on the
landowner's property as required [in the manner provided] by this
chapter, unless the grantee provides the commission [landowner]
with replacement financial assurance at the time of or before the
cancellation.  In the event of a transfer of ownership of the
grantee's [wind power] facilities, the financial security provided
by the grantee shall remain in place until the date evidence of
financial security meeting the requirements of this chapter is
provided to the commission [landowner].
Sec. 375.0008.  RELEASE OF FINANCIAL ASSURANCE TO GRANTEE.
(a)  At any time, a grantee may file an application with the
commission for the release of all or part of a bond or other
financial assurance provided to the commission by the grantee for a
(b)  The application must be on a form prescribed by the
commission and, in addition to other information the commission may
require, must include the type and the approximate date of removal
and restoration work performed and a description of the results
(c)  The grantee shall provide a copy of the application to
the landowner not later than the 30th day after the date the grantee
files the application with the commission.
(d)  Not later than the 45th day after the date the grantee
files the application, the commission shall conduct an inspection
and evaluation of the removal and restoration work performed.
(e)  The commission may release all or part of the financial
assurance if the commission determines that the grantee has
completed all or part of the grantee's obligations under the
agreement entered into under Section 375.0004, 375.0005, or
(f)  If the commission disapproves the application for
release of the financial assurance, the commission shall notify the
grantee in writing of the reasons for disapproval and recommend
corrective actions necessary to secure the release of the financial
Sec. 375.0009.  FORFEITURE OF FINANCIAL ASSURANCE TO
LANDOWNER.  (a)  A landowner may file an application with the
commission for the forfeiture of all or part of a bond or other
financial assurance provided to the commission by a grantee for the
landowner under this chapter if:
(1)  the grantee has not completed the grantee's
obligations under the agreement entered into under Section
375.0004, 375.0005, or 375.0006, as applicable; and
(2)  the facility that is the subject of the agreement
is no longer being used by the grantee to provide energy or
ancillary services at wholesale for a power grid in the manner
(b)  The application must be on a form prescribed by the
(c)  The landowner shall provide a copy of the application to
the grantee not later than the 30th day after the date the landowner
files the application with the commission.
(d)  Not later than the 45th day after the date the landowner
files the application, the commission shall conduct an inspection
and evaluation of the property for which the financial assurance
(e)  The commission may approve the forfeiture of all or part
of the financial assurance if the commission determines that:
(1)  the facility that is the subject of the agreement
is no longer being used in the manner described by Subsection
(2)  the forfeiture is necessary to compensate the
landowner for any remaining removal and restoration work the
grantee was required to but did not complete under the agreement.
(f)  If the commission disapproves the application for
forfeiture of the financial assurance, the commission shall notify
the landowner in writing of the reasons for disapproval.
Sec. 375.0010.  COMMISSION AUTHORITY.  (a)  The commission
shall notify the Public Utility Commission of Texas if the
commission requires forfeiture of financial assurance under
Section 375.0009.  The commission and the Public Utility Commission
of Texas may not issue to a grantee whose financial assurance was
forfeited under Section 375.0009 any permit, certificate, or
registration under other law that authorizes the grantee to operate
a generation facility to which this chapter applies or renew any
such permit, certificate, or registration.
(b)  In a suit for receivership, garnishment, or bankruptcy,
or in any other legal action affecting the assets of a grantee that
is a party to an agreement subject to this chapter, the commission
(1)  inform the appropriate court and parties of the
commission's interest in obtaining notice of the proceedings; and
(2)  within the time prescribed by the applicable
statutes, rules, and court orders, intervene and participate in any
proceedings that affect a landowner not joined in the suit who is a
party to the agreement with the grantee.
SECTION 2.  Section 5.013(a), Water Code, is amended to read
(a)  The commission has general jurisdiction over:
(1)  water and water rights including the issuance of
water rights permits, water rights adjudication, cancellation of
water rights, and enforcement of water rights;
(2)  continuing supervision over districts created
under Article III, Sections 52(b)(1) and (2), and Article XVI,
Section 59, of the Texas Constitution;
(3)  the state's water quality program including
issuance of permits, enforcement of water quality rules, standards,
orders, and permits, and water quality planning;
(4)  the determination of the feasibility of certain
(5)  the adoption and enforcement of rules and
performance of other acts relating to the safe construction,
maintenance, and removal of dams;
(6)  conduct of the state's hazardous spill prevention
(7)  the administration of the state's program relating
to inactive hazardous substance, pollutant, and contaminant
(8)  the administration of a portion of the state's
(9)  the administration of the state's programs
involving underground water and water wells and drilled and mined
(10)  the state's responsibilities relating to regional
(11)  the responsibilities assigned to the commission
by Chapters 361, 363, 375, 382, 401, 505, 506, and 507, Health and
(12)  any other areas assigned to the commission by
this code and other laws of this state.
SECTION 3.  (a) The heading to Title 6, Utilities Code, is
(b)  Chapter 302, Utilities Code, is repealed.
SECTION 4.  The changes in law made by this Act apply only to
an electric energy storage facility agreement, a renewable power
facility agreement, a solar power facility agreement, or a wind
power facility agreement entered into on or after the effective
date of this Act.  An agreement entered into before the effective
date of this Act is governed by the law applicable to the agreement
on the date the agreement was entered into, and that law is
continued in effect for that purpose.
SECTION 5.  This Act takes effect immediately if it receives
a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as
provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution.  If this
Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this
Act takes effect September 1, 2025.