HB 5550

relating to the role of a jury in a criminal case.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1.   Article 35.16, Code of Criminal Procedure, is
amended by amending Subsection (b) and adding Subsection (d) to
(b)  A challenge for cause may be made by the state [State]
for any of the following reasons:
1.  That the juror has conscientious scruples in regard
to the infliction of the punishment of death for crime, in a capital
case, where the state [State] is seeking the death penalty; or
2.  That the juror [he] is related within the third
degree of consanguinity or affinity, as determined under Chapter
573, Government Code, to the defendant[; and
[3.  That he has a bias or prejudice against any phase
of the law upon which the State is entitled to rely for conviction
(d)  A potential juror may not be excused or disqualified
from serving on a jury because the juror expresses a willingness to
exercise a power granted to the jury under Article 36.13.
SECTION 2.   Article 36.13, Code of Criminal Procedure, is
Art. 36.13.  ROLE OF JURY [IS JUDGE OF FACTS].  (a)  Unless
otherwise provided in this code [Code], the jury is the exclusive
judge of the facts.  The jury[, but it] is bound to receive the law
from the court and be governed by that law, except if a jury
determines that a defendant is guilty according to the law but that
the law is unjust or unjustly applied to the defendant, the jury may
determine not to apply the law to the defendant and find the
defendant not guilty or guilty of a lesser included offense
(b)  A defendant has the right to inform the jury of the
jury's power to judge the law in accordance with Subsection (a) and
to vote on the verdict for the defendant's case according to
conscience.  The court or the state may not infringe on this right.
Failure to allow the defendant to inform the jury of the jury's
power is grounds for a mistrial.
(c)  Notwithstanding any other law, the court shall allow the
defendant to present to the jury for its consideration evidence and
testimony relevant to the exercise of the jury's power under this
article, including evidence and testimony relating to:
(1)  the merit, intent, constitutionality, or
applicability of the law in the defendant's case;
(2)  the motives, moral perspective, or intent of the
(3)  the defendant's degree of guilt or the actual harm
(4)  the punishment that may be imposed on the
(d)  The state may rebut any evidence introduced under this
article with evidence similar in nature.
SECTION 3.   The change in law made by this Act applies only
to a jury empaneled on or after the effective date of this Act.
SECTION 4.  This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.